Global warming means that Antarctica and Greenland ice sheets are melting and the oceans are expanding. Recent climate change would still cause a 6 meters (20 ft) sea-level rise even if greenhouse gas emissions were reduced in per a scientific paper in Science. Low-lying areas such as Bangladesh, Florida, the Global warming has led to a change in climatic conditions. There are droughts at some places and floods at some. This climatic imbalance is the result of global warming. Spread of Diseases. Global warming leads to a change in the patterns of heat and humidity. This has led to the movement of mosquitoes that carry and spread diseases. High Human-induced climate change includes both global warming driven by emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the midth century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale
The 97% consensus on global warming
The globe is heating up. Both land and oceans are warmer now than they were when record keeping began, inand temperatures are still ticking upward, global warming paper. This global warming paper in heat is global warming, in a nutshell. Here are the bare numbers, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA : Between andthe global annual temperature increased at a rate of 0.
Sincethe rate of increase has sped up, to 0. This has led to an overall 3. Inthe average global temperature over land and ocean was 1, global warming paper. That made the second hottest year on record, trailing only This rise in heat is caused by humans. The burning of fossil fuels has released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which trap warmth from the sun and drive up surface and air temperatures.
Global warming paper main driver of today's warming is the combustion of fossil fuels. These hydrocarbons heat up the planet via the greenhouse effectwhich is caused by the interaction between Earth's atmosphere and incoming radiation from the sun.
That "smart guy" was Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish scientist and eventual Nobel Prize winner. Simply put, solar radiation hits Earth's surface and then bounces back toward the atmosphere as heat. Gases in the atmosphere trap this heat, global warming paper, preventing it from escaping into the void of space good news for life on the planet.
In a paper presented in global warming paper, Arrhenius figured out that greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide could trap heat close to the Earth 's surface, and that small changes in the amount global warming paper those gases could make a big difference in how much heat was trapped. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, humans have been rapidly changing the balance of gases in the atmosphere.
Burning fossil fuels like coal and oil releases water vapor, carbon dioxide CO2 global warming paper, methane CH4ozone and nitrous oxide N2Othe primary greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide is the most common greenhouse gas, global warming paper. Between aboutyears ago and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, CO2's presence in the atmosphere amounted to about parts per million ppm, meaning there were about molecules of CO2 in the air per every million air molecules. As of the last year when full data are availablethe average CO2 in the atmosphere was That may not sound like much, but according to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, levels of CO2 haven't been that high since the Pliocene epoch, which occurred between 3 million and 5 million years ago, global warming paper.
At that time, the Arctic was ice-free at least part of the year and significantly warmer than it is today, according to research published in the journal Global warming paper. InCO2 accounted for greenhouse gas emissions, according to an analysis from the Environmental Protection Agency EPA. We know that CO2 absorbs infrared radiation [heat] and the global mean temperature is increasing," Keith Peterman, global warming paper, a professor of chemistry at York College of Pennsylvania, and his research partner, Gregory Foy, an associate professor of chemistry at York College of Pennsylvania, told Live Science in a joint email message.
CO2 makes its way into the atmosphere through a variety of routes. Burning fossil fuels releases CO2 and is, by far, the biggest U. contribution to emissions that warm the globe. According to the EPA report, U. fossil fuel combustion, including electricity generation, released just over 5. Other processes — such as nonenergy use of fuels, iron and steel production, cement production, and waste incineration — boost the total annual CO2 release in the U.
to 7 billion tons 6. Deforestation is also a large contributor to excess CO2 in the atmosphere. In global warming paper, deforestation is the second largest anthropogenic human-made source of carbon dioxide, according to research published by Duke University.
After trees die, they release the carbon they have stored during photosynthesis. According to the Global Forest Resources Assessmentdeforestation releases nearly a billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere global warming paper year.
Globally, global warming paper is the second most common greenhouse gas, but it is the most efficient at trapping heat. The EPA reports that methane is 25 times more efficient at trapping heat than carbon dioxide.
greenhouse gas emissions, according to the EPA. Methane can come from many natural sources, but humans cause a large portion of methane emissions through mining, the use of natural gas, the mass raising of livestock and the use of landfills. Cattle constitute the largest single source of methane in the U. There are some hopeful trends in the numbers for U.
greenhouse gas emissions. According to the EPA report, these emissions rose 2. Part of that decline was driven by a warm winter inwhich required less heating fuel than usual. But another significant reason for this recent decline is the replacement of coal with natural gas, according to the Center global warming paper Climate and Energy Solutions.
The U. is also transitioning from a manufacturing-based economy to a less carbon-intensive service economy. Fuel-efficient vehicles and energy-efficiency standards for buildings have also improved emissions, global warming paper, according to the EPA. Global warming doesn't just mean warming, which is why "climate change" has become the favored term among researchers and policymakers. While the globe is becoming hotter on average, this temperature increase can have paradoxical effects, such as more frequent and severe snowstorms.
Climate change can and will affect the globe in several big ways: by melting ice, by drying out already-arid areas, by causing weather extremes and by disrupting the delicate balance of the oceans. Perhaps the most visible effect of climate change so far is the melting of glaciers and sea ice. The ice sheets have been retreating since the end of the last ice age, about 11, years ago, but the last century's warming has hastened their demise. Glacier National Park in Montana had glaciers in the late s.
Today, it has The loss of glaciers can cause the global warming paper of human life, when icy dams holding back glacier lakes destabilize and burst or when avalanches caused by global warming paper ice bury villages, global warming paper.
At the North Pole, warming is proceeding twice as quickly as it is at middle latitudes, and the sea ice is showing the strain. Fall and winter ice in the Arctic hit record lows in both andmeaning the ice expanse did not cover as much of global warming paper open sea as previously observed.
According to NASA, the 13 smallest values for maximum winter extent of sea ice in the Arctic were all measured in the last 13 years.
The ice also forms later in the season and melts more readily in spring. According to the National Snow and Ice Data CenterJanuary sea ice extent has declined 3. Some scientists think the Arctic Ocean will see ice-free summers within 20 or 30 years. In the Antarctic, the picture has been a little less clear.
The Western Antarctic Peninsula is warming faster than anywhere else besides some parts of the Arctic, according to the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition. The peninsula is where the Larsen C ice shelf just broke in Julyspawning an iceberg the size of Delaware.
Now, scientists say that a quarter of West Antarctica's ice is in danger of collapse and the enormous Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers are flowing five times faster than they did in The sea ice off Antarctica is extremely variable, though, and some areas have actually hit record highs in recent years.
Global warming paper, those records could bear the fingerprints of climate change, as they may result from land-based ice moving out to sea as the glaciers melt or from warming-related changes to wind. Inthough, this pattern of record-high ice abruptly reversed, with the occurrence of a record low, global warming paper. On March 3,Antarctic sea ice was measured at an extent of 71, square milessquare kilometers less than the previous low, from Global warming will change things between the poles, too.
Many already-dry areas are expected to get even drier as the world warms. The southwest and central plains of the United States, global warming paper, for example, are expected to experience decades-long "megadroughts" harsher than anything else in human memory. The main driver, global warming paper, the researchers found, is the increasing evaporation of water from hotter and hotter soil.
Much of the precipitation that does fall in these arid regions will be lost. Meanwhile, research found that many areas will likely see less rainfall as the climate warms.
Subtropical regions, including the Mediterranean, the Amazon, Central America and Indonesia, will likely be hardest hit, that study found, while South Africa, Mexico, western Australia and California will also dry out. Another impact of global warming: extreme weather. Hurricanes and typhoons are expected to become more intense as the planet warms.
Hotter oceans evaporate more moisture, which is the engine that drives these storms. That means more wind and water damage on vulnerable coastlines. Paradoxically, climate change may also cause more frequent extreme snowstorms. According to the National Centers for Environmental Information, global warming paper snowstorms in the eastern United States global warming paper become twice as common as they were in the early s.
Here again, this change comes because warming ocean temperatures lead to increased evaporation of moisture into the atmosphere. This moisture powers storms that hit the continental United States. Some of the most immediate impacts of global warming are beneath the waves. Oceans act as carbon sinks, which means they absorb dissolved carbon dioxide. That's not a bad thing for the atmosphere, but it isn't great for the marine ecosystem. When carbon dioxide reacts with seawater, the pH of the water declines that is, it becomes more acidica process known as ocean acidification.
This increased acidity eats away at the calcium carbonate shells and skeletons that many ocean organisms depend on for survival. These creatures include shellfish, pteropods and corals, according to NOAA. Corals, in particular, are the canary in a coal mine for climate change in the oceans. Marine scientists have observed alarming levels of coral bleachingevents in which coral expel the symbiotic algae that provide the coral with nutrients and give them their vivid colors.
Bleaching occurs when corals are stressed, and stressors can include high temperatures. In andAustralia's Great Barrier Reef experienced back-to-back bleaching events. Coral can survive bleaching, global warming paper, but repeated bleaching events make survival global warming paper and less likely. Despite overwhelming scientific consensus about the causes and reality of global warming, the issue is contentious politically.
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, time: 6:12Climate change - Wikipedia
Human-induced climate change includes both global warming driven by emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the midth century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale Global warming has led to a change in climatic conditions. There are droughts at some places and floods at some. This climatic imbalance is the result of global warming. Spread of Diseases. Global warming leads to a change in the patterns of heat and humidity. This has led to the movement of mosquitoes that carry and spread diseases. High Global warming means that Antarctica and Greenland ice sheets are melting and the oceans are expanding. Recent climate change would still cause a 6 meters (20 ft) sea-level rise even if greenhouse gas emissions were reduced in per a scientific paper in Science. Low-lying areas such as Bangladesh, Florida, the
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